A complicated man, Timur continues to fascinate us some six centuries after his death. Then you can start reading Kindle books on your smartphone, tablet, or computer - no Kindle device required. The severe weather hampered his campaign and he fell ill. Despite a death-bed warning from the conqueror, his dozens of sons and grandsons immediately began to fight over the throne when he passed away. Wikipedia Citation. Marlowe’s Tamburlaine the Great relates the deeds of a Scythian shepherd becoming the conqueror of Asia until his downfall. Read reviews from world’s largest community for readers. Timur looked west in 1399, retaking Azerbaijan and conquering Syria. Ulegh was not a good administrator, however, and was murdered by his own son in 1449. Over the next decade, Timur seized the rest of Central Asia as well. The European versions of Timur's name—"Tamerlane" or "Tamberlane"—are based on the Turkic nickname Timur-i-leng, meaning "Timur the Lame." She died about 1370, after which he married several of the daughters of Amir Husayn Qara’unas, a rival leader, including Saray Mulk. 1962, Tamburlaine the conqueror / by Hilda Hookham Hodder and Stoughton London. In post-Soviet Uzbekistan, Timur has been made into a national folk hero. His Persian nickname, Timur-e Lang, translates to ‘Timur the Lame’, resulting in the European derivations Tamerlane and Tamburlaine. While Timur professed to be a good Muslim, he obviously felt no compunction about destroying the jewel-cities of Islam and slaughtering their inhabitants. Royal Shakespeare Company, Unfortunately we cannot guarantee support for browsers with Javascript disabled, you may experience some difficulties using this website. More properly, he is known as Timur, from the Turkic word for "iron.". Timur was injured in a skirmish which left him lame in his right leg and unable to raise his right arm. Unfortunately for him, however, the Timurid army set out in December during an unusually cold winter. Timur eventually collected dozens of women as wives and concubines as he conquered their fathers' or erstwhile husbands' lands. Timur started life as the son of a minor chieftain, much like his putative ancestor Genghis Khan. Tughluk Timur, a Mongol warlord, emerged victorious in 1360. In his book "The Legendary Biographies of Tamerlane," historian Ron Sela has argued that they were based on ancient manuscripts but serve as "a manifest against the corruption of rulers and officials, a call to respect Islamic traditions, and an attempt to situate Central Asia within a greater geopolitical and religious sphere.". Throughout history, few names have inspired such terror as his. Take a look at some of the facts about this fascinating historical figure below. Please see Wikipedia's template documentation for … The child's father Taraghai Bahdur was the chief of the Barlas tribe; Timur's mother was Tegina Begim. The people of Uzbek cities like Khiva, however, are skeptical; they remember that he razed their city and killed nearly every inhabitant. Unlike Genghis Khan, however, Timur conquered not to open trade routes and protect his flanks, but to loot and pillage. Tamerlane (April 8, 1336–February 18, 1405) was the ferocious and terrifying founder of the Timurid empire of Central Asia, eventually ruling much of Europe and Asia. He therefore ruled over his conquered lands as an Amir (from the Arabic word for ‘Prince’), rather than as Khan (the name given to male rulers descended from Genghis Khan through the male line). Chrome 83.0, so you may experience some difficulties using this website. Tamerlane was not the conqueror's actual name, though. Timur's army of 90,000 crossed the Indus River in September 1398 and set upon India. By 1366, the two warlords controlled Transoxiana. Historians argue Timur was descended from Genghis Khan on his mother’s side. Timur was lionized in the west for his defeat of the Ottoman Turks. By 1396, Timur had also conquered Iraq, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Mesopotamia, and Georgia. Tamburlaine the Great, first play by Christopher Marlowe, produced about 1587 and published in 1590. His right hand was also missing two fingers. While Timur was busy in the north, Persia revolted. The Turkic/Mongol invaders left carnage along their path; Delhi's army was destroyed in December and the city was ruined. Australian/Harvard Citation. After Kazgan's death, various warlords and religious leaders vied for power. He decided in 1404 that he would conquer Ming China. Amir Timur is remembered as a vicious conqueror, who razed ancient cities to the ground and put entire populations to the sword. Take a look at some of the facts about this fascinating historical figure below. Violence is constantly present in the play, which constitutes a basic element of Tamburlaine’s identity. Timur spent the next three decades legitimising his rule (including murdering his brother-in-law Amir Husayn, and claiming the Chagatai princess, Saray Mulk Khanum, as his bride), and gaining territory. Timur's line had better luck in India, where his great-great-grandson Babur founded the Mughal Dynasty in 1526. The rulers of Spain, France, and other powers sent congratulatory embassies to Timur, hoping to stave off an attack. 212481) LEMAIRE Stephane / hemis.fr / Getty Images, Tamerlane (April 8, 1336–February 18, 1405) was the ferocious and terrifying founder of the Timurid empire of Central Asia, eventually ruling much of Europe and Asia. Kazgan would rule until his assassination in 1358. We use cookies on this website. Timur's uncle Hajji Beg led the Barlas at this time but refused to submit to Tughluk Timur. At its full height, Timur’s empire stretched from Russia to India, and from the Mediterranean Sea to Mongolia. One of his signature achievements is his capital in the city of Samarkand, located in modern-day Uzbekistan. However, Timur’s desire for power and control stretched too far – in the winter of 1404, Timur set out to invade China and conquer the Ming dynasty. Tamburlaine the Great tells the story of a Scythian shepherd who eventually becomes conqueror of Central Asia, Marlowe’s character is based on the actual nomad emperor Many of the details of Tamerlane's early life are from a spate of manuscripts, dozens of heroic tales written from the early 18th through 20th centuries, and stored in archives across Central Asia, Russia, and Europe. In this paper I aim to analyze how Marlowe presents, in the character of Tamburlaine, a combination of greatness and cruelty. The Barlas were of mixed Mongolian and Turkic ancestry, descended from the hordes of Genghis Khan and the earlier inhabitants of Transoxiana. More likely, he was wounded in 1363 or 1364 while fighting as a mercenary for Sistan (southeastern Persia) as stated by contemporary chroniclers Ruy Clavijo and Sharaf al-Din Ali Yazdi. Please either update your browser to the newest version, or choose an alternative browser – visit. Tamburlaine the Conqueror book. A Timurid-era illustration of Amir Timur. Background & Early Years Timur comes from the Turkish word meaning ‘iron’. That number is probably exaggerated, but Timur does seem to have enjoyed massacre for its own sake. Not a good Muslim, he is known as Timur, hoping to stave an... In India, and from the hordes of Genghis Khan, however, the legend says, Timur Hussein! Flanks, but to loot and pillage, literature, and Georgia tamerlane and Tamburlaine Spain, France and. 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