St. Benedict founded the Abbey in 529 AD, after destroying the existing structure of the temple of Apollo. The entire structure was destroyed during a series of air raids and bomb attacks. This website uses cookies to ensure you get the best experience on our website. The Romans renamed the settlement Casinumand built a temple to Apollo at the citadel. During Desiderius’ years of rule, a large number of spiritual and artistic works were produced, including some of the most famous illuminated manuscripts of the high Middle Ages. It was the Volsci who first built a citadel on the summit of Monte Cassino. There is also a secret underground church, built in 1544, where you can find different chambers with mosaic tile works. The second assault carried out by the Polish troops, aided by Moroccan tribesmen forces specialized in mountain warfare, proved immensely expensive from the point of view of human losses: the German 1st Parachute Division was ousted from its position and was captured by the Allies. Before its distruction, the Abbey had managed to attract notable intellectual and religious figures, including Erchempert, author of the Historia Longobardorum Benevantanorum Degentium, the “History of the Lombards residing in Benevento.” Two centuries would pass before the Abbey could return to its former splendor. These definitions are integral to the Benedictine Values followed by the Sisters of St. Joseph's Monastery. The Abbey was founded by St. Benedict and built over the site of the pagan temple of Apollo, where the sculpture of Apollo was destroyed along with the altar. Home; SHOP; Schedule a guide tour; Mass Hours and general opening hours; Visit Montecassino; Worship. In the hope of seizing Monte Cassino and unhinging the Gustav Line, Clark ordered an all-out attack February 7. Four century later, in 1799, the site was invaded by Napoleonic troops and destroyed once more. In 883, it was attacked by the Arabs, who burned the abbey down and ferociously killed the Benedictine Bishop of Montecassino. For more than 90 years, Monte Cassino has been committed to academic excellence while educating the whole student. Soon after that, Monte Cassino began enjoying its own renaissance, thanks to the work of its religious community, as well as the help of some notable noblemen: by 744, Gisulf II, duke of Benevento, had donated land to the Abbey with the aim of constituting territorial, secular dependencies. The story of how Monte Cassino School began is told here: a story as true and honest to its core as the Sisters who founded the School in 1926. The Abbey of Monte Cassino is charming in its timeless beauty and a marvellous place to engage in prayer and meditation. If you are visiting Montecassino, make sure to see the city Museum to find a vast collection of some of the most magnificent artifacts created in named of this holy place. Most Famous Italian Liquors: Do you Really Know Them All. The history of Monte Cassino is linked to the nearby town of Cassino which was first settled in the fifth century B.C. However, they held strategic positions along the steep slopes just below the walls of the abbey. 5.17). Thus, a fourth battle took place, which was fought under the leadership of General Wladyslaw Anders of the 2nd Polish Corps. However, make sure to visit the Abbey before lunchtime, as visits have fixed timings. Monte Cassino had finally fallen to the victorious Allies but the cost in men and material had been prodigious. However, it was the infamous battle of Monte Cassino, on the 15th of February 1944, to embody the bloodiest and most tragic of all destructions. After his death in 543, Benedict’s monastery found itself at the centre of many a military action, in name of its strategic location. The Abbey of Monte Cassino is charming in its timeless beauty and a marvellous place to engage in prayer and meditation. Below is a glossary to help you understand the Catholic Benedictine religion's terminology. Beyond the classroom, Monte Cassino School students develop socially and morally within a supportive community of educators and parents to develop the active skills for life. It is also, because of its history, a monument to the horror of war and, at once, to the resilience of man. When it was attacked by the Lombards in 584, the ruling abbot and his monks sought refuge in Rome, where the community remained for about a century. Though the Abbey of Montecassino was entirely destroyed, all of its precious historical treasures were rescued and transported to Rome. Finally, the Podolian Ulans Regiment captured the ruins on May 18th. The Allies, whose troops included US, Indian, Kiwi and British soldiers, lost about 54,000 lives. The Liturgy of the Hours is also known as the, A small consultative and deliberative body that assists the abbot or prioress with matters that do not require the attention of the whole, The mountain in central Italy where Benedict founded a, The leader of a non-cloistered monastic community of. In the course of the battles, the ancient abbey of Monte Cassino, where St. Benedict first established the Rule that ordered monasticism in the west, was entirely destroyed by Allied bombing and artillery barrages in February 1944. It rose to fame again during the 11th century, under the abbacy of Desiderius. The Volsci in the area were defeated by the Romans in 312 B.C. Modern excavations have found no remains of the temple, but ruins of an amphitheatre, a theatre, and a mausol… Due to its significant location, this place has always been a target of military attacks throughout history, the most gruesome of all certainly being the Battle of Monte Cassino fought during the Second World War. Four days later, an attempt was made north of Cassino by Major General Charles W. Ryder's 34th Infantry Division with the goal of crossing the river and wheeling left to strike Monte Cassino. Stunning are also the frescoes in the cathedral, representing stories of the oath taken by the monks entering the community. There are lovely paintings, too, such as “The Glory of St. Benedict”, which depicts St. Benedict surrounded by bishops, monks and nuns. There are plenty of interesting things to see inside the monastery, such as the statue of St. Scolastica, which was recreated after the end of World War II. As a result, the Abbey became a nevralgic communication center at the core of an area of great political and commercial relevance, including in its basin parts of the Lombard principality of Benevento, as well as some Byzantine states along the coast. This hidden treasure is also home to a beautiful marble statue of St. Benedict. The Benedictine Sisters pray together four times a day: morning prayer (Lauds), midday prayer (None), evening prayer (Vespers) and night prayer (Compline). Would love your thoughts, please comment. St. Benedict set up eight times of prayer, known as “hours.” The intent is to consecrate the hours of the day to God. It is also, because of its history, a monument to the horror of war and, at once, to the resilience of man. The Benedictine Sisters were not above dumpster diving for classroom carpet, or borrowing money from the Bishop as they fought for their school, their beliefs, but most of all, their students. When a tragic earthquake hit the area in 1349, the Abbey was razed and had to be built again. (ca. It is really a delight to visit the Abbey of Montecassino to admire its beautiful architectural splendor and remember its history. The western half of the Gustav Line was held by the Germans, but the hilltop of Monte Cassino was not occupied. It was completely rebuilt after the end of the war and newly consecrated in 1964 by Pope Paul VI. Monte Cassino is known as the “Cradle of Western Monasticism” because from this site, monasticism spread through the western world. The Bramante cloister measures 40 metres in length and around 30 metres in width, and an octagonal well, supported by Corinthian columns, adorns its center. 2Nd Polish Corps 's monastery the monastery was destroyed during a series of cemeteries stand to the... World war guide tour ; Mass Hours and general opening Hours ; visit Montecassino ; Worship they held positions! 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